Scite modi and magni combo
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An arrhythmia score for inducible ventricular tachyarrhythmias was calculated after programmed electrical stimulation. Two weeks thereafter, monophasic action potentials were recorded and activation-mapping was performed with a multi-electrode array. After in-vitro characterization, the cellularized scaffold was implanted in (n=15) adult Wistar rats 15 min post ligation of the left coronary artery, with an equal number of animals serving as controls. Mesenchymal stem cells, which exhibit adequate differentiation capacity, were co-cultured with umbilical vein endothelial cells and were seeded on an alginate based scaffold. By utilizing the in-vivo rat model, we have examined the medium-term electrophysiologic effects of a biomaterial scaffold that has been cellularized with spheroids of human adipose tissue, derived from mesenchymal stem cells and umbilical vein endothelial cells. By highlighting the current approaches in the design and application of short mimetic peptides, we hope to demonstrate their potential in soft-tissue healing while at the same time drawing attention to the advances made to date and the problems which need to be overcome to advance these materials to the clinic for applications in heart, skin, and cornea repair.Ĭardiac repair strategies are being evaluated for myocardial infarctions, but the safety issues regarding their arrhythmogenic potential remain unresolved. There is increasing evidence that the incorporation of peptides within regenerative scaffolds can result in the generation of structural recognition motifs that can enhance cell attachment or induce cell signaling pathways, improving cell infiltration or promote a variety of other modulatory biochemical responses.
#Scite modi and magni combo full#
Combine this with the fact that short mimetic peptides are easier to produce when compared to full length proteins, show enhanced processability and ease of modification, and have the ability to be prepared under well-defined and controlled conditions it becomes obvious why there has been a recent push to develop regenerative biomaterials from these molecules. Synthetically derived peptide-based biomaterials are in many instances capable of mimicking the structure and function of their full-length endogenous counterparts. Combining these strategies with the use of well-characterized cell lines harboring the immunomodulatory properties of stem cells should encourage the incorporation of cell encapsulation technology in state-of-the-art drug development. The potential strategies to cope with the immunogenicity of encapsulated cells include the selective diffusion restriction of immune mediators through capsule pores and more recently inclusion in microcapsules of immune modulators such as CXCL12. The encapsulated cells are recognized by the host immune cells through a bidirectional exchange of immune mediators, which induce both the adaptive and innate immune responses against the engrafted capsules. While the immune responses induced by polymers such as alginate can be minimized using highly purified materials, the need to cope with the immunogenicity of encapsulated cells is increasingly seen as key in preventing the immune rejection of microcapsules. Progress in the field has been slow, in part due to the complexity of the technology, but also because of the difficulties encountered when trying to prevent the immune responses generated by the various microcapsule components, namely the polymer, the encapsulated cells, the therapeutic transgenes and the DNA vectors used to genetically engineer encapsulated cells. The few clinical trials based on cell encapsulation have not led to any licensed therapies. The concept of cell encapsulation was first proposed almost nine decades ago, however, and despite its potential, the technology has yet to deliver its promise. Cell encapsulation is a bioengineering technology that provides live allogeneic or xenogeneic cells packaged in a semipermeable immune-isolating membrane for therapeutic applications.